Introduction

In this blog post, we will explore how to solve the LeetCode problem "2303" using AI. LeetCode is a popular platform for preparing for coding interviews, and with the help of AI tools like Chatmagic, we can generate solutions quickly and efficiently - helping you pass the interviews and get the job offer without having to study for months.

Problem Statement

You are given a 0-indexed 2D integer array brackets where brackets[i] = [upperi, percenti] means that the ith tax bracket has an upper bound of upperi and is taxed at a rate of percenti. The brackets are sorted by upper bound (i.e. upperi-1 < upperi for 0 < i < brackets.length). Tax is calculated as follows: The first upper0 dollars earned are taxed at a rate of percent0. The next upper1 - upper0 dollars earned are taxed at a rate of percent1. The next upper2 - upper1 dollars earned are taxed at a rate of percent2. And so on. You are given an integer income representing the amount of money you earned. Return the amount of money that you have to pay in taxes. Answers within 10-5 of the actual answer will be accepted. Example 1: Input: brackets = [[3,50],[7,10],[12,25]], income = 10 Output: 2.65000 Explanation: Based on your income, you have 3 dollars in the 1st tax bracket, 4 dollars in the 2nd tax bracket, and 3 dollars in the 3rd tax bracket. The tax rate for the three tax brackets is 50%, 10%, and 25%, respectively. In total, you pay $3 50% + $4 10% + $3 25% = $2.65 in taxes. Example 2: Input: brackets = [[1,0],[4,25],[5,50]], income = 2 Output: 0.25000 Explanation: Based on your income, you have 1 dollar in the 1st tax bracket and 1 dollar in the 2nd tax bracket. The tax rate for the two tax brackets is 0% and 25%, respectively. In total, you pay $1 0% + $1 * 25% = $0.25 in taxes. Example 3: Input: brackets = [[2,50]], income = 0 Output: 0.00000 Explanation: You have no income to tax, so you have to pay a total of $0 in taxes. Constraints: 1 <= brackets.length <= 100 1 <= upperi <= 1000 0 <= percenti <= 100 0 <= income <= 1000 upperi is sorted in ascending order. All the values of upperi are unique. The upper bound of the last tax bracket is greater than or equal to income.

Explanation

Here's the solution to the tax calculation problem:

• Iterate through brackets: Process each tax bracket sequentially.
• Calculate taxable amount: Determine the amount of income taxed at the current bracket's rate by comparing the income with the bracket's upper bound and the previous bracket's upper bound (or 0 for the first bracket).

• Accumulate tax: Multiply the taxable amount by the bracket's percentage and add it to the total tax.

• Runtime Complexity: O(n), where n is the number of brackets. Storage Complexity: O(1).

Code

    def calculateTax(brackets, income):
    tax = 0.0
    prev_upper = 0
    for upper, percent in brackets:
        taxable = min(income, upper) - prev_upper
        if taxable > 0:
            tax += taxable * (percent / 100.0)
        prev_upper = upper
        if income <= upper:
            break
    return tax